The stellar mass function, binary content and radial structure of the open cluster Praesepe derived from PPMXL and SDSS data

Abstract

We have determined possible cluster members of the nearby open cluster Praesepe (M44) based on J and K photometry and proper motions from the PPMXL catalogue and z photometry from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. In total, we identified 893 possible cluster members down to a magnitude of J = 15.5 mag, corresponding to a mass of about 0.15M⊙ for an assumed cluster distance modulus of (m - M)0 = 6.30 mag (d ≈ 182 pc), within a radius of 3.°5 around the cluster centre. We derive a new cluster centre for Praesepe (αcentre = 8h39m37s, δcentre = 19°35'02''). We also derive a total cluster mass of about 630M⊙, and a 2D halfnumber and half-mass radius of 4.25 and 3.90 pc, respectively. The global mass function of the cluster members shows evidence for a turnover around m = 0.65M⊙.While more massive stars can be fitted by a power law ξ (m) ~ m-α with slope α = 2.88 ± 0.22, stars less massive than m = 0.65M⊙ are best fitted with α = 0.85 ± 0.10. In agreement with its large dynamical age, we find that Praesepe is strongly mass segregated and that the mass function slope for high-mass stars steepens from a value of α = 2.32 ± 0.24 inside the half-mass radius to α = 4.90 ± 0.51 outside the half-mass radius. We finally identify a significant population of binaries and triples in the colour-magnitude diagram of Praesepe. Assuming non-random pairing of the binary components, a binary fraction of about 35 per cent for primaries in the mass range 0.6 < 2.20 is required to explain the observed number of binaries in the colour-magnitude diagram. © 2013 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society.