Challenges Facing Refugee Women. A Critical Review

Abstract

Integration is a key issue in the literature about migration. It refers to a set of public policies aiming at integrating foreign populations in a given society. This paper aims at investigating the relationships between the integration of four communities installed in France (Algerian, Portuguese, Turkish and Vietnamese) and the presence of associations. The methodology is rooted on two approaches, quantitative economics and geography. It uses a new database, extracted from the Official Journal and several surveys, noticeably TeO. In a first step, we ask whether the regional distribution and the density of associations explain the degree of integration of the migrants stemming from the four communities. In a second step, we test whether memberships into an association increase or decrease the adoption of oppositional identities and if the latter influences the integration via the access to employment.