Revising the daily values may affect food fortification and in turn nutrient intake adequacy

Abstract

The Nutrition Facts panel on food labels in the United States currently displays Daily Values (DVs) that are based onoutdated RDAs. The FDA has indicated that it plans to update the DVs based on the newer Dietary Reference Intakes(DRIs), but there is controversy regarding the best method for calculating new DVs from the DRIs. To better understandthe implications of DV revisions, assuming that manufacturers choose to maintain current label claims for micronutrientsfrom voluntarily fortified foods, we modeled intake of 8 micronutrients using NHANES 2007-2008 data and 2 potentialmethods for calculating DVs: the population-weighted Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) and the populationcoverageRDA. In each scenario, levels of fortified nutrients were adjusted to maintain the current %DV. Usual nutrientintakes and percentages with usual intakes less than the EAR were estimated for the U.S. population and subpopulationsaged ≥4 y (n = 7976). For most nutrients, estimates of the percentage of the U.S. population with intakes below the EARwere similar regardless of whether the DV corresponded to the population-weighted EAR or the population-coverageRDA. Potential decreases were observed in adequacy of nutrients of concern for women of childbearing age, namelyiron and folate (up to 9% and 3%, respectively), adequacy of calcium among children (up to 6%), and adequacy ofvitamin A intakes in the total population (5%) assuming use of the population-weighted EAR compared with thepopulation-coverage RDA for setting the DV. Results of this modeling exercise will help to inform decisions in revisingthe DVs. © 2013 American Society for Nutrition.