Modulation of Proteome and Phosphoproteome Under Abiotic Stress in Plants: An Overview

Abstract

Abiotic stress factors cause significant reduction in crop yield worldwide. Crop/plant tolerance to environmental stress is a complex trait, and it depends on the expression of specific set of stress related genes, proteins and metabolites, involved in the cascades of molecular networks, signal transduction, to cope with stress perception to alleviate the cellular damage caused by different stress factors. Application of high-throughput global omics-approaches such as transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics will provide comprehensive understanding of plant abiotic stress response. A comprehensive understanding of the regulation at all levels or one of these will provide better tools to improve crop plant performance under stress. A focus on combined proteome and phosphoproteome-based studies provide broader molecular understanding in a better way, and the knowledge obtained is useful for developing crop/plants with enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses. The main aim of this review is to discuss proteome and phosphoproteome dynamic changes under different abiotic stress factors, such as drought, salinity, waterlogging, heavy metal and temperature stress. This review describes the recent studies on proteomic and phosphoproteomic approaches, which have been conducted on different crop/plants under abiotic stress conditions.