Evaluation of low-fusing ceramic systems combined with titanium grades II and V by bending test and scanning electron microscopy

  • Garbelini W
  • Henriques G
  • Troia Junior M
  • et al.
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Abstract

The bond strength by three point bending strength of two metal substrates (commercially pure titanium or grade II, and Ti-6Al-4V alloy or grade V) combined to three distinct low-fusing ceramic systems (LFC) and the nature of porcelain-metal fracture by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were evaluated. The results were compared to a combination of palladium-silver (Pd-Ag) alloy and conventional porcelain (Duceram VMK68). Sixty metal strips measuring 25x3x0.5mm were made - 30 of titanium grade II and 30 of titanium grade V, with application of the following types of porcelain: Vita Titankeramik, Triceram or Duceratin (10 specimens for each porcelain). The porcelains were bonded to the strips with dimensions limited to 8x3x1mm. The control group consisted of ten specimens Pd-Ag alloy/Duceram VMK68 porcelain. Statistical analyses were made by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test at 5% significance level. Results showed that the bond strength in control group (48.0MPa ± 4.0) was significantly higher than the Ti grade II (26.7MPa ± 4.1) and Ti grade V (25.2MPa ± 2.2) combinations. When Duceratin porcelain was applied in both substrates, Ti grade II and Ti grade V, the results were significantly lower than in Ti grade II/Vitatitankeramik. SEM analysis indicated a predominance of adhesive fractures for the groups Ti grade II and Ti grade V, and cohesive fracture for control group Pd-Ag/Duceram. Control group showed the best bond strength compared to the groups that employed LFC. Among LFC, the worst results were obtained when Duceratin porcelain was used in both substrates. SEM confirmed the results of three point bending strength.Foram avaliados dois substratos metálicos (titânio comercialmente puro ou grau 2 e a liga Ti-6Al-4V ou grau 5) combinados com a três sistemas cerâmicos de baixa fusão (PBF) sobre a resistência de união pelo teste de flexão de três pontos e a natureza da fratura porcelana-metal através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Os resultados foram comparados a combinação da liga paládio-prata (Pd-Ag) com porcelana convencional (Duceram VMK68). Foram confeccionadas sessenta tiras de metal medindo 25x3x0.5mm, sendo 30 de titânio grau 2 e 30 de titânio grau 5 sobre os quais foram aplicadas as porcelanas: Vita Titankeramik, Triceram e Duceratin (10 espécies de cada porcelana) nas dimensões de 8x3x1mm. O grupo controle era composto de 10 especies de Pd-Ag alloy/ com a porcelana Duceram VMK68. Na análise estatística utilizou-se análise de variância (ANOVA) e o teste de Tukey em nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados indicaram que a resistência de união do grupo controle (48.0 ± 4.0) foi estatisticamente significante maior que nos substratos Ti-2 (26.7 ± 4.1) e Ti-5 (25.2 ± 2.2). Os resultados dos substratos de Ti-2 e Ti-5 com a porcelana Duceratin foram estatisticamente significante menores quando comparados ao Ti-2 com a porcelana Vitatitankeramik. A análise pela MEV indicou fraturas predominantemente do tipo adesiva para as amostras de Ti-2 e Ti-5, e coesivas para o grupo controle PdAg/Duceram. O grupo controle apresentou maior resistência de união comparadas às amostras que empregaram as PBF. Entre as porcelanas de baixa fusão, os menores resultados foram obtidos com a porcelana Duceratin em ambos os substratos. A análise pela MEV confirmou os resultados do teste de flexão.

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Garbelini, W. J., Henriques, G. E. P., Troia Junior, M., Mesquita, M. F., & Dezan, C. C. (2003). Evaluation of low-fusing ceramic systems combined with titanium grades II and V by bending test and scanning electron microscopy. Journal of Applied Oral Science, 11(4), 354–360. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572003000400015

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