The Campi Flegrei caldera is one of the highest risk volcanic areas on the Earth. Our research documents a 150 year-long period of intense volcanism following less than 200 years of repose after the Agnano-Monte Spina Plinian eruption (4.1 ka). The new data show that the renewal of volcanism was preceded by an uplift of a few tens of meters, triggered by mafic refilling of reservoirs at depths of 3 km or less. Our studies also indicate for the first time the occurrence of contemporaneous eruptions from at locations in different sectors of the caldera. These results suggest that a future eruptive crisis will likely be preceded by several meters of caldera-wide uplift in response to magma movements at depth. The trend of uplift of the caldera since 1969 may thus represent the unrest expected before a renewal of volcanism within an interval of decades to centuries. Copyright 2009 by the American Geophysical Union.
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Isaia, R., Marianelli, P., & Sbrana, A. (2009). Caldera unrest prior to intense volcanism in Campi Flegrei (Italy) at 4.0 ka B.P.: Implications for caldera dynamics and future eruptive scenarios. Geophysical Research Letters, 36(21). https://doi.org/10.1029/2009GL040513