Fragmentation of (LiF)nLi+ clusters in the acceleration region of TOF spectrometers

Abstract

The binary decay of ionized clusters in the extraction region of time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometers is analyzed. The dynamics of the fragments is studied and an analytical expression for the TOF peak shape is deduced; simulations are performed for linear spectrometers of different configurations. The questions addressed refer to the design of TOF spectrometers to improve their accuracy in the determination of metastable-state mean lives, the identification of precursor masses and the investigation of desorption mechanisms. As an illustration, the method is applied to the decay of positive ion clusters (LiF)nLi+ for both spontaneous and collision-induced fragmentation processes. No clear evidence of delayed emission is found. The bumps observed in the TOF spectrum are due to tertiary ions emitted by the LiF target sputtered by secondary ions produced in the grid, a process that increases with higher target bias. The main cluster fragmentation observed is (LiF)3Li+* decaying preferentially into (LiF)Li+; the data are compatible with a spontaneous decay of metastable clusters with mean lives of 20-30 ns. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.