Automated turbulence forecasting strategies

Abstract

Forecasting aviation turbulence remains a challenge in the twenty-first century because of the small temporal and spatial scales of the phenomenon and the multiplicity of causes of the turbulence. In this chapter we discuss both the theoretically derived methods and the empirical techniques used to forecast aviation turbulence. The focus is mainly on clear-air turbulence (CAT), but forecasting techniques for low-level, convectively induced, and mountain wave turbulence (MWT) are also surveyed. We conclude with a brief glimpse into the future of aviation turbulence forecasting.