Prevention and control of antimicrobial resistance in Primary Health Care: evidence for policies

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance is a global pro-blem that puts the population’s health at risk. This paper aims to identify and evaluate strategies for the prevention and control of antimicrobial re-sistance, and barriers to their implementation in Primary Health Care (PHC) services. We developed an evidence brief for policies. The search for evidence occurred in 13 databases from November to December 2018. A deliberative dialogue was performed to validate the results and we identified barriers and facilitators to implementing the stra-tegies. The 13 systematic reviews included eviden-ced that the interventions focused on education, use of electronic systems and biomarkers reduced antimicrobial consumption and prescription. User/caregiver’s expectation to receive antibiotic prescriptions was the main obstacle to implementing strategies, while education actions involving health professionals were facilitators. The rational use of medications in the PHC services is crucial to prevent antimicrobial resistance to antibiotics. The interventions identified in this study can be implemented alone or combined, according to local context.