Serosurveillance for Livestock Pathogens in Free-Ranging Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus)

28Citations
Citations of this article
73Readers
Mendeley users who have this article in their library.

Abstract

Routine disease surveillance has been conducted for decades in mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in California for pathogens shared between wildlife and domestic ruminants that may have implications for the animal production industry and wildlife health. Deer sampled from 1990 to 2007 (n = 2,619) were tested for exposure to six pathogens: bluetongue virus (BTV), epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), Leptospira spp., Anaplasma spp. and Brucella spp. We evaluated the relationship between exposure to these pathogens and demographic risk factors to identify broad patterns in seroprevalence across a large temporal and spatial scale. The overall seroprevalence for the entire study period was 13.4% for BTV, 16.8% for EHDV, 17.1% for BVDV, 6.5% for Leptospira spp., 0.2% for Brucella spp., and 17% for Anaplasma spp. Antibodies against BTV and EHDV were most prevalent in the deer populations of southern California. Antibodies against Leptospira spp. and Anaplasma spp. were most prevalent in coastal and central northern California whereas antibodies against BVDV were most prevalent in central-eastern and northeastern California. The overall seroprevalence for Anaplasma spp. was slightly lower than detected in previous studies. North and central eastern California contains large tracts of federal land grazed by livestock; therefore, possible contact between deer and livestock could explain the high BVDV seroprevalence found in these areas. Findings from this study will help to establish baseline values for future comparisons of pathogen exposure in deer, inform on long-term trends in deer population health and provide relevant information on the distribution of diseases that are shared between wildlife and livestock. © 2012 Roug et al.

Figures

  • Figure 1. Deer subspecies. Distribution of deer and estimated ranges for specific deer subspecies in California. Black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) are considered genetically distinct. For the purpose of this analysis, the 4 mule deer subspecies; California mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus californicus), Inyo mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus inyoensis), Southern mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus fuliginatus) and Rocky Mountain mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) were grouped into one ‘‘Mule deer’’ category. Desert mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus eremicus) were analyzed separately due to their distinct ecology. Adapted from: California Department of Fish and Game (1999): A Sportsman’s guide to improving deer habitat in California (http://www.dfg.ca.gov/wildlife/hunting/deer/sportsmanguide.html). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050600.g001
  • Figure 2. Seroprevalences by deer assessment unit (area). Ranges of average seroprevalences for bluetongue viruses (BTV), epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses (EHDV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), Leptospira spp. and Anaplasma spp. among deer sampled between 1990 and 2007 in 11 deer assessment units (areas) in California. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050600.g002
  • Table 1. Unadjusted prevalence (%) by year, age, sex and subspecies of serologic positive status for BTV, EHDV, BVDV, Leptospira spp., Anaplasma spp., and Brucella spp. among deer sampled between 1990 and 2007 in 11 deer assessment units (areas) in California.
  • Figure 3. Seroprevalences by three year periods. Seroprevalence of bluetongue viruses (BTV), epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses (EHDV), bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), Leptospira spp. and Anaplasma spp. among California deer in three year intervals from 1990 to 2007. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050600.g003
  • Table 2. Multivariate logistic regression model for exposure to bluetongue virus (BTV) and enzootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) among deer sampled at 11 deer assessment units (areas) in California between 1990 and 2007.
  • Table 4. Multivariate logistic regression model for exposure to Leptospira spp. among deer subspecies sampled between 1990 and 2007 in California.
  • Table 3. Multivariate logistic regression model for exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) and Anaplasma spp. among deer sampled at 11 deer assessment units (areas) in California between 1990 and 2007.
  • Figure 4. Seroprevalence of BVDV by deer assessment unit (area). Ranges of average bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) seroprevalences among deer sampled between 1990 and 2007 in 11 deer assessment units (areas) in California. The distribution of public rangeland and cattle grazing land is also shown. Source: US Forest Service (http://www.fs.fed.us/r5/rsl/clearinghouse/gis-download.shtml). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0050600.g004

References Powered by Scopus

Climate and Vectorborne Diseases

411Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

A review of Bovine anaplasmosis

350Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Re-emergence of bluetongue, African horse sickness, and other Orbivirus diseases

214Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Cited by Powered by Scopus

The role of wildlife in bluetongue virus maintenance in Europe: Lessons learned after the natural infection in Spain

57Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Epizootic haemorrhagic disease

56Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Bovine viral diarrhea virus: An updated American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine consensus statement with focus on virus biology, hosts, immunosuppression, and vaccination

52Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Register to see more suggestions

Mendeley helps you to discover research relevant for your work.

Already have an account?

Cite

CITATION STYLE

APA

Roug, A., Swift, P., Torres, S., Jones, K., & Johnson, C. K. (2012). Serosurveillance for Livestock Pathogens in Free-Ranging Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus). PLoS ONE, 7(11). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0050600

Readers over time

‘12‘13‘14‘15‘16‘17‘18‘19‘20‘21‘22‘23‘24‘250481216

Readers' Seniority

Tooltip

PhD / Post grad / Masters / Doc 26

57%

Researcher 15

33%

Professor / Associate Prof. 4

9%

Lecturer / Post doc 1

2%

Readers' Discipline

Tooltip

Agricultural and Biological Sciences 16

36%

Veterinary Science and Veterinary Medic... 16

36%

Medicine and Dentistry 9

20%

Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Bi... 4

9%

Save time finding and organizing research with Mendeley

Sign up for free
0