A descriptive study of trends in the pictures drawn by primary school learners in South Africa

Abstract

Background: Illness, lack of vocabulary and unwillingness to discuss emotional distress may contribute to poor communication with children. Drawings may play a crucial role in enhancing communication with this patient group. Aim: This study aimed to describe the pictures drawn by primary school learners in the children's palliative care programme in Bloemfontein, South Africa, and to evaluate whether drawings can be used to assess emotional wellbeing. Methods: Drawings were assessed according to standardised human figure drawing guidelines and emotional indicator (EI) scales. Pictures were discussed with the child and compared with the clinical presence of depression or emotional discomfort. Results: A total of 29 pictures drawn by 20 children were assessed. Of the 20 participants,18 were boys, with a mean age of 10.2 years, and 12 children were assessed as having clinical depression. Conclusions: The presence of two or more EIs, small pictures or pictures in dark colours may indicate clinical depression. Health professionals are advised not to try to interpret the picture, but to use the picture to enhance communication. Let the child explain the picture, rather than relying only on the assessment tool.