Lung-derived exosomal miR-483-3p regulates the innate immune response to Influenza virus infection

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Abstract

Exosomes regulate cell–cell communication by transferring functional proteins and RNAs between cells. Here, to clarify the function of exosomes during influenza virus infection, we characterized lung-derived exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs). Among the detected miRNAs, miR-483-3p was present at high levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) exosomes during infection of mice with various strains of influenza virus, and miR-483-3p transfection potentiated gene expression of type I interferon and proinflammatory cytokine upon viral infection of MLE-12 cells. RNF5, a regulator of the RIG-I signaling pathway, was identified as a target gene of miR-483-3p. Moreover, we found that CD81, another miR-483-3p target, functions as a negative regulator of RIG-I signaling in MLE-12 cells. Taken together, this study indicates that BALF exosomal miRNAs may mediate the antiviral and inflammatory response to influenza virus infection.

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Maemura, T., Fukuyama, S., Sugita, Y., Lopes, T. J. S., Nakao, T., Noda, T., & Kawaoka, Y. (2018). Lung-derived exosomal miR-483-3p regulates the innate immune response to Influenza virus infection. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 217(9), 1372–1382. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiy035

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