The relationship between adverse interpersonal experiences and self-esteem in people with intellectual disabilities: The role of shame, self-compassion and social support

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Abstract

Background: People with intellectual disabilities are reported to have low self-esteem and to experience high rates of adverse interpersonal experiences (AIEs). This study aimed to investigate whether shame and self-compassion mediate the relationship between AIEs and self-esteem for people with intellectual disabilities and whether perceived social support moderates this relationship. Method: This study employed a cross-sectional design, involving between-group comparisons. Forty-seven people with intellectual disabilities and 50 people without intellectual disabilities completed self-report questionnaires measuring shame, self-compassion, self-esteem, early AIEs and social support. Results: Shame and self-compassion were found to mediate the relationship between AIEs and self-esteem for people with intellectual disabilities. There was no evidence for a moderating effect of social support and no difference between groups in shame or self-compassion. Conclusions: The findings suggest shame and self-compassion are important concepts for people with intellectual disabilities. Clinical and research implications are discussed.

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APA

Davies, L., Randle-Phillips, C., Russell, A., & Delaney, C. (2021). The relationship between adverse interpersonal experiences and self-esteem in people with intellectual disabilities: The role of shame, self-compassion and social support. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(4), 1037–1047. https://doi.org/10.1111/jar.12844

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