Lymphedema

Abstract

Lymphedema is the result of impaired lymphatic function. Lymphedema is characterized by swelling of tissues, most commonly involving the lower extremities in 80 % of cases. It can also occur in the arms, face, trunk, and external genitalia. Leg edema is a common condition that is seen by all practicing clinicians. The differential diagnosis of lower extremity edema is extensive and includes systemic causes such as congestive heart failure, renal insufficiency, hepatic insufficiency, hypoalbuminemia, and medications and local causes such as deep vein thrombosis, venous insufficiency, lymphedema, lipedema, and cellulitis. A detailed understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the lymphatic system and the pathophysiology of lymphedema will contribute to the proper diagnosis and treatment of this complex and important clinical condition.