Combined immune score predicts the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients in the bortezomib-based therapy era

Abstract

To investigate the effect of a combined immune score including the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and uninvolved immunoglobulin (u-Ig) levels on the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients treated with bortezomib.Clinical data of 201 NDMM patients were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with LMR≥3.6 and LMR<3.6 were scored 0 and 1, respectively. Patients with preserved u-Ig levels, suppression of 1 u-Ig, and suppression of at least 2 u-Igs were scored 0, 1, and 2, respectively. The immune score, established from these individual scores, was used to separate patients into good (0-1 points), intermediate (2 points), and poor (3 points) risk groups. The baseline data, objective remission rate (ORR), whether receive maintenance treatment regularly and overall survival of patients before treatment were analyzed.The ORR of the good-risk group was significantly higher than that of the intermediate-risk group (75.6% vs 57.7%, P=.044) and the poor-risk group (75.6% vs 48.2%, P=.007). The multivariate analysis results showed that age≥65years, International Staging System stage III, platelet count≤100×109/L, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)>250U/L, serum calcium>2.75mmol/L, no receipt of regular maintenance treatment, LMR<3.6, suppressed u-Igs=1, suppressed u-Igs≥2, intermediate-risk group and poor-risk group were independent predictors of poor overall survival.In the bortezomib era, the LMR, u-Ig levels, and the immune score play an important role in the prognosis of NDMM patients. Among them, the immune score showed the strongest prognostic value, and it could be a beneficial supplement for the early identification of high-risk patients.