Associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity, and arterial stiffness with cognition in youth

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, adiposity, and arterial stiffness with cognition in 16- to 19-year-old adolescents. Methods: Fifty four adolescents (35 girls; 19 boys) participated in the study. Peak oxygen uptake (V̇O2peak) and peak power output (Wmax) were measured by the maximal ramp test on a cycle ergometer and ventilatory threshold (VT) was determined with ventilation equivalents. Lean mass (LM) and body fat percentage (BF%) were measured using a bioelectrical impedance analysis. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWVao) and augmentation index (AIx%) were measured by a non-invasive oscillometric device. Working memory, short term memory, visual learning and memory, paired-associate learning, attention, reaction time, and executive function were assessed by CogState tests. Results: V̇O2peak/LM (β = 0.36 p =.011) and Wmax/LM (β = 0.30 p =.020) were positively associated with working memory. Wmax/LM was also positively associated with visual learning (β = 0.37, p =.009). V̇O2 at VT/LM was positively associated with working memory (β = 0.30 p =.016), visual learning (β = 0.31 p =.026), and associated learning (β = −0.27 p =.040). V̇O2 at VT as % of V̇O2peak, BF%, PWVao, and AIx% were not associated with cognition. Conclusion: Cardiorespiratory fitness was related to better cognitive function, while BF% and arterial stiffness were not associated with cognition in adolescents.