Manejo de Conyza bonariensis resistente ao glyphosate: Coberturas de inverno e herbicidas em pré-semeadura da soja

Abstract

Conyza bonariensis became the main weed in soybean crop in Southern Brazil, as a consequence of the evolution of resistance to the herbicide glyphosate. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different winter cover crops and the association of burn-down herbicides on the control of glyphosate-resistant C. bonariensis. A field experiment was conducted in the 2010/2011 season. The treatments were arranged in a split-plot scheme, with the winter cover crops lopsided oat, radish, common vetch, Italian ryegrass, wheat, and fallow in the main plots, and in the subplots, the following burn-down treatments: glyphosate (720 g e.a ha-1), glyphosate (720 g e.a ha-1) + 2,4-D (1.050 g e.a ha-1), glyphosate (720 g e.a ha-1) + 2,4-D (1.050 g e.a ha-1)/ paraquat (200 g i.a ha-1) + diuron (100 g i.a ha-1), glyphosate (720 g e.a ha-1) + chlorimuron-ethyl (80 g i.a ha-1), glyphosate (720 g e.a ha-1) + chlorimuron-ethyl (80 g i.a ha-1)/paraquat (200 g i.a ha-1) + diuron (100 g i.a ha-1) and mowing. Radish was the cover crop species that produced the highest amount of shoot dry mass during the winter season, while common vetch had the highest suppressive effect on germination and initial development of C. bonariensis. Associations of glyphosate with 2,4-D or chlorimuron-ethyl, followed by the sequential application of paraquat + diuron, caused the highest reductions in C. bonariensis infestation.