Comorbidity with Psychiatric Disorders

Abstract

Headache is one of the most frequently reported somatic complaints by children and adolescents, and it affects about 54.4% of children and adolescence in the world. Tension-type headache (TTH) (prevalence of 20-25%) is the most common cause of primary headache, followed by migraine (prevalence of 8%). TTH and migraine were identified as second and third most common diseases all over the world, and furthermore they are associated with a great number of comorbidities such as anxiety, mood disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, etc. Although some authors suggested that fundamental cause of migraine in children is largely genetic, Arruda et al. showed in a large sample of Brazilian children that patients with migraine are at an increased risk of having emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity, peer problems, and total difficulties in psychosocial adjustment. Children with TTH, in turn, were significantly more likely to have emotional symptoms and total difficulties causing impact in their psychosocial adjustment compared with controls. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)