Therapeutic applications of graphene oxides in angiogenesis and cancers

Abstract

The application of nanotechnology in biology and medicine is generally termed as nanomedicine which reforms the strategic platforms of the modern healthcare system associated with diagnosis and therapy of different diseases. Since past decades, several research groups including ours demonstrated the diverse biomedical applications of different inorganic nanoparticles. Among these nanomaterials, graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles are of great attraction for their potent applications in angiogenesis as well as cancer therapy due to its unique physicochemical and biological properties such as large surface area, high drug loading efficacy, biocompatibility, biodegradability, etc. This book chapter illustrates the overview of recent applications of GO in angiogenesis including pro-angiogenic activity, anti-angiogenic activity and wound healing potential. Moreover, the therapeutic (anticancer activity, drug/gene delivery, photothermal/immuno therapy) and bio-imaging applications of GO for different cancer diseases are also described in a concise manner. Additionally, in view of future clinical applications, pharmacokinetics, toxicity and clearance studies of GO are briefly demonstrated. Finally, this book chapter provides the global market overview along with challenges and future directions of GO in biomedical applications.