Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Benralizumab in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Asthma

Abstract

Benralizumab is a humanized, afucosylated, anti-interleukin-5 receptor α, immunoglobulin G (IgG) 1 κ monoclonal antibody. We developed a population pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) model for benralizumab by analyzing PK and blood eosinophil count data from two healthy volunteer studies (N = 48) and four studies in patients with asthma (N = 152). Benralizumab PK was dose-proportional and adequately described by a two-compartment model with first-order elimination from the central compartment and first-order absorption from the subcutaneous dosing site. The estimated systemic clearance and volume of distribution were typical for human IgG. Body weight and high-titer antidrug antibodies were identified as relevant covariates influencing the PK of benralizumab. Depletion of blood eosinophil counts was depicted by a modified transit model in which benralizumab induced depletion of eosinophils in each age compartment. Stochastic simulations supported an every-8-week dosing schedule of benralizumab for a phase IIb study in patients with uncontrolled asthma.