Multimodal Neuromonitoring: Current Scenario in Neurocritical Care

Abstract

Multimodal neuromonitoring (NM) is the concept of integrating various tools and data to understand brain physiology and guide therapeutic interventions to prevent secondary brain injury. There exists a range of invasive/noninvasive and global/regional monitors of cerebral hemodynamics, oxygenation, metabolism, and electrophysiology that can be used to guide treatment decisions after neurological insult. No single monitoring modality is ideal for all patients. Simultaneous assessment of cerebral hemodynamics, oxygenation, and metabolism allows individualized patient care. The ability to analyze these advanced data for real-time clinical care, however, remains intuitive and primitive. Advanced informatics is promising and may provide us a supportive tool to interpret physiological events and guide pathophysiological-based therapeutic decisions. Available literature is not robust regarding multimodality NM and favorable patient outcome. This narrative review is undertaken to know the status and recent advancement of multimodal NM in neurocritical care.