Chest Wall Anatomy

Abstract

The structure of the chest wall determines the functional mechanics of the thorax. Comprised of the skin, fascia, bone, and muscle, the chest wall protects the cardiopulmonary and upper abdominal viscera. The thorax anchors the shoulder and upper extremity while functionally promoting dynamic movement to allow efficient ventilation and gas exchange. A thorough understanding of the chest wall anatomy is critical to safe surgical technique and understanding the cardiopulmonary repercussions of operating on the chest.