Diagnostic innovations in developing urban settings

Abstract

There is a significant body of literature highlighting the importance of point-of-care diagnostics in improving health in developing countries [1]. Access to effective health-care options can be severely limited in the developing world by the (typically) large distance between villages and appropriately stocked clinics and poor accessibility to skilled clinicians and physicians. This problem is often exacerbated by inadequate access to clean water, sanitation services, and a reliable source of electricity. The development of diagnostic tests, designed specifically for use in low-resource settings, would thus meet a substantial need. Urban and rural settings in the developing world are often beset by a lack of resources. The unique characteristics and different diagnostic needs of each setting, however, must be considered. Much attention is given to novel diagnostics designed for primary care settings in rural areas where patients are geographically far from the formal health-care system, while urban areas are largely ignored. To understand the importance-and future-of diagnostics in developing urban settings, it is necessary to first understand the distinct ecosystem present there.