We discuss the functional roles of β2-adrenergic receptors in skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy, as well as the adaptive responses of β2-adrenergic receptor expression to anabolic and catabolic conditions. Stimulation of the β2-adrenergic receptor using anabolic drugs increases muscle mass by promoting muscle protein synthesis and/or attenuating protein degradation. These effects are prevented by the downregulation of the receptor. Endurance training improves oxidative performance, partly by increasing β2-adrenergic receptor density in exercise- recruited slow-twitch muscles. However, excessive stimulation of β2- adrenergic receptors negates their beneficial effects. Although preventive effects of β2- adrenergic receptor stimulation on atrophy induced by muscle disuse and catabolic hormones or drugs were observed, these catabolic conditions decreased β2- adrenergic receptor expression in slow-twitch muscles. These findings present evidence against the use of β2-adrenergic agonists in therapy for muscle wasting and weakness. Thus, β2-adrenergic receptors in the skeletal muscles play an important physiological role in the regulation of protein and energy balance.
CITATION STYLE
Sato, S., Shirato, K., Mitsuhashi, R., Suzuki, H., Tachiyashiki, K., & Imaizumi, K. (2015). Functional roles of β2-adrenergic receptors in skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy. In Physical Activity, Exercise, Sedentary Behavior and Health (pp. 213–234). Springer Japan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-55333-5_18
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