Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells: Current Approaches to Enhance Their Release and Therapeutic Potential

Abstract

Multiple preclinical and clinical studies demonstrate the potential of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) to support organ and tissue regeneration. Besides transplantation of cellular MSC grafts, conditioned media from MSC cultures or extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from MSCs show similar regenerative effects. In vitro pretreatment of MSCs affects their paracrine properties and can improve their reparative and regenerative capacities. In this chapter effects of MSC pretreatment on MSC-EVs and different strategies to increase their release and to improve their therapeutic efficacy will be discussed.