Inequitable representation of Black boys in gifted and talented education, Advanced Placement, and special education

Abstract

Black boys are overrepresented in special education (SPED) and underrepresented in gifted and talented education, Advanced Placement, and other opportunities for advanced learners. Conversely, they are overrepresented in SPED. In this article, we address the vicious cycle of deficit thinking and intelligence test inequities—the consequences and impact on Black males. The impact of high-stakes testing and racial prejudice and discrimination is stark. We present an equity formula to guide readers in all roles in setting quantifiable equity goals. Recommendations are provided.