Impact of climate change on mountain flora and vegetation in the Republic of Macedonia (Central part of the Balkan Peninsula)

Abstract

This chapter deals with anticipated climatic changes and their impact on flora and vegetation in the following period (2025-2100) in the Republic of Macedonia. The general characteristics of the country, such as geology, relief, and climate, are first presented. The flora of the country is then described and the beginnings of research into flora and vegetation are given. The vegetation of the country is elaborated according to climatic/vegetation regions, with special attention to vegetation of high altitudes. Information on botanically important plant areas (IPA) in the country is given. Climate change in the recent past and various models of anticipated climate change are presented and expected changes in flora and vegetation are presented and discussed.