KERAWANG GAYO: STUDI ETNOGRAFI DI KAMPUNG BEBESEN KABUPATEN ACEH TENGAH

  • Rosdiani R
  • Chalid I
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Abstract

Kerawang Gayo is the name for decorative motifs of traditional Gayo clothing that has been designated as an intangible cultural heritage through the Decree of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 270/P/2014 concerning the Determination of Indonesian Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2014. This study uses an ethnographic approach by observing directly in the field to see the existence of openwork gayo in various crafts and the manufacturing process. Conducted interviews with artisans and openwork shop owners, especially the community in Bebesen Village, Bebesen District, Central Aceh Regency. Based on the research results, it is known that the existence of Kerawang Gayo is preserved by modifying the motifs, both on functional products of traditional clothing and other functional products by utilizing cultural values to attract buyers' interest. The Kerawang Gayo motif found on woven products is called Lintem, on wood, it is called chisel, on metal, it is called carving and on cloth, it is called embroidery. Before the 1980s, openwork gayo was still called Gayo Weaving. The various motifs found in Gayo weaving are called Bebunge Betabur clothes, Upuh Kio, Upuh Pawaq, Upuh Ketawaq, Kut clothes, Dede split clothes, Bunge shoots, and so on. Abstrak: Kerawang Gayo adalah sebutan untuk ragam hias motif pakaian adat Gayo yang telah ditetapkan sebagai warisan budaya melalui Keputusan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia Nomor 270/P/2014 tentang Penetapan Warisan Budaya Tak Benda Indonesia. pada tahun 2014. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan etnografi dengan melakukan observasi langsung ke lapangan untuk melihat keberadaan Kerawang Gayo pada berbagai kerajinan dan proses pembuatannya. Melakukan wawancara dengan pengrajin dan pemilik toko kerawang khususnya masyarakat di Desa Bebesen Kecamatan Bebesen Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa keberadaan Kerawang Gayo dilestarikan dengan melakukan modifikasi motif, baik pada produk fungsional pakaian adat maupun produk fungsional lainnya dengan memanfaatkan nilai-nilai budaya untuk menarik minat pembeli. Motif Kerawang Gayo yang terdapat pada produk tenun disebut Lintem, pada kayu disebut pahat, pada logam disebut ukiran dan pada kain disebut bordir. Sebelum tahun 1980-an, Kerawang Gayo masih disebut Tenun Gayo. Berbagai motif yang terdapat pada Tenun Gayo disebut Baju Bebunge Betabur, Upuh Kio, Upuh Pawaq, Upuh Ketawaq, Baju Kut, Baju Dede, Bunge Tunas, dan sebagainya.

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APA

Rosdiani, R., & Chalid, I. (2022). KERAWANG GAYO: STUDI ETNOGRAFI DI KAMPUNG BEBESEN KABUPATEN ACEH TENGAH. Aceh Anthropological Journal, 6(1), 86. https://doi.org/10.29103/aaj.v6i1.6204

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