Feature Recognition of Urban Road Traffic Accidents Based on GA-XGBoost in the Context of Big Data

Abstract

The identification of the characteristics of urban road traffic accidents is of great significance for reducing traffic accidents and the corresponding losses. In the context of big data, to accurately understand the characteristics of traffic accidents, the feature set of urban road traffic accidents is proposed, the XGBoost model is used to classify traffic accidents into minor accidents, general accidents, major accidents and serious accidents, and a GA-XGBoost feature recognition model is built. The GA-XGBoost feature recognition model is based on the genetic algorithm (GA) as a factor search algorithm and is verified by applying the big data of traffic accidents in a Chinese city from 2006 to 2016; in addition, the model is compared with the GA-RF, GA-GBDT and GA-LightGBM models. The results show that the GA-XGBoost model can accurately identify the features of the traffic accidents in 7 cities, including driving experience, illegal driving behavior, vehicle age, road intersection type, weather conditions, traffic flow and time interval. Compared with the GA-RF, GA-GBDT and GA-LightGBM models, the recognition features are more accurate, and the performance is better.