The incidence, risk factors, and survival of acute myeloid leukemia secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome: A population-based study

Abstract

To determine the incidence, risk factors, and relative survival of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) secondary to myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Retrospective analysis of all patients with new MDS onset in the SEER-18 database from 2001 to 2013. We identified 36 558 patients with primary MDS. The rate of secondary AML (sAML) was 3.7% among patients 40 years or younger and 2.5% among those older than 40 (P =.039). The median transformation interval was significantly shorter for the younger group (4.04 vs 13.1 mo; P