Aerobic Bacterial Profile of Wound Infections and Its Sensitivity Pattern at Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

A wound is a breach in the skin and the exposure of subcutaneous tissue following loss of skin integrity. Wound infection occurs as a complication of surgery, trauma or disease that may interrupt a mucosal or skin surface. Wound infections are one of the most common hospital acquired infections. They are an important cause of morbidity and mortality. The present study was undertaken to determine the aerobic bacterial agents responsible for different wound infections, its sensitivity pattern and to find out the most common bacterial agent in pathological, trauma and post-operative wound infections. All pus or wound swabs from various wound infections received in the department of Microbiology for culture and sensitivity during January 2012 to December 2012 from IPD and OPD patients attending tertiary care hospital were cultured on 5% sheep blood agar and MacConkey agar. The bacterial isolates were indentified by standard bacteriological techniques. Isolated organisms were further tested for antibiotic sensitivity, MSRA and ESBL productions. Out of 303 samples, 202 (66.66%) were culture positive in which 140 (69.31%) samples were monomicrobil and 62 (30.69%) samples were polymicrobial. Thus total 271 isolates were obtained from 202 culture positive samples. Of the total 271 isolates, 160 (59.04%) were gram negative ans 111 (40.96%) were gram positive organism. The most common isolates was S.aureus (37.63%) followed by Pseudomonas spp.(20.33%) and E.Coli (19.56%), In pathological and post-operative wound infections S.aureus was the most common i.e.44.62% and 34.09% respectively. Whereas pseudomonas species was most common in trauma wound infections. Isolated strains of S. aureus were 78% sensitive to Amikacin and 73% sensitive to Linezoid. E.coli, Klebsiella spp and proteus spp were 81%, 57% and 91% sensitive to Amikacin respectively. Pseudomonas spp were 96% sensitive to imipenem and 56% sensitive to Amikacin. Isolated most of the strains of gram positive and gram negative organisms were sensitive to Amikacin, whereas there was no single common antibiotic to which all isolated gram positive and gram negative bacteria were 100% sensitive. We found 67.65% MRSA and 38.12% ESBL producers in this study.