A diet rich in fat and poor in dietary fiber increases the in vitro formation of reactive oxygen species in human feces

Abstract

Production of reactive oxygen species in the lumen of the colon, a process that is influenced by nutritional factors, may be important in the etiology of colorectal cancer. Because research on humans in support of this hypothesis is lacking, the objective of this study was to measure the effect of different dietary compositions on the in vitro oxygen radical production in human feces. Over a period of 12 d, seven healthy subjects received a diet rich in fat (50%) and meat and poor in dietary fiber. After a period of 1 wk, they received a vegetarian diet poor in fat (20%) and rich in dietary fiber. At the end of each study period, feces were collected and analyzed for in vitro oxygen radical production with dimethylsulfoxide as the free radical scavenger. The mean hydroxyl radical production was 13 times greater in feces of subjects when they consumed the diet rich in fat and poor in dietary fiber [52.7 ± 29.5 μmol/(9 faces·h)] than when they consumed the diet poor in fat and rich in dietary fiber [3.9 ± 3.9 μmol/(g feces·h); P < 0.05]. This difference was associated with a 42% higher fecal iron concentration when they consumed the first diet (7.0± 19.2 μmol/g feces) than when they consumed the second (4.9 ± 1.9 μmol/g feces; P < 0.05). The results of this study confirm that diets high in fat and meat and low in fiber markedly increase the potential for hydroxyl radical formation in the feces, which in turn may contribute to an enhanced risk of colorectal cancer.