DIALEKTIKA FATWA DAN HUKUM POSITIF DI INDONESIA: Meneguhkan Urgensi dan Posisi Fatwa di Masyarakat Muslim Nusantara

Abstract

Fatwa for the tradition of Islam is one of the media to convey Islamic laws (shariah). Muslim societies have a tendency to ask about many things, marriage, muamalah, jinayah, worship and other issues. In addition, the existence of a fatwa relates to the appreciation and practice of Muslim religion guaranteed by law. The problem is what if between the fatwa and government regulations / positive legal rules there is a disagreement over and above the other? Both with specific laws and with ethnic, cultural and racial diversity in Indonesia. This is evident, for example in cases of blasphemy, fatwa forbidding cigarettes, and the beginning of Ramadhan and Shawwal which are totally different from the provisions of the government. In this position, what is the position and position of the fatwa in the lives of Muslims as religious as well as citizens, and what attitude should be put forward? This study uses descriptive methods on issues that occur in Indonesian society related to the pros and cons of several fatwas with in-depth analysis, then related to the position of fatwa in the positive legal system (which applies), as well as the urgency of fatwas for Muslims in general and Muslims Indonesia specifically. The results of the study revealed that the fatwa for Indonesian Muslims occupied a very urgent area. Although its existence is not included in the positive legal system in Indonesia, if there is an unmatched intersection between the two, then its realization must be addressed wisely, both by the state, fatwa makers and the people of Indonesia