Nutraceuticals: An alternative for osteoarthritis management

Abstract

Dietary supplements, known as nutraceuticals, are commonly used to treat medical conditions in the United States. Despite widespread use, it is unnecessary for companies to seek FDA approval before marketing and manufacturing these supplements. Nutraceuticals are typically thought to have medicinal properties, but also may consist of nutrients extracted from commonly consumed foods. Osteoarthritis prevention and treatment is the most common reason for nutraceutical supplementation and use is expected to increase with the aging “baby boomer” population. Physician and pharmacist consultation is essential for patient safety, given the side effects and toxicity associated with some nutraceuticals. A basic understanding of currently available supplements and their side effects is crucial in patient care today. This chapter will discuss the currently available nutraceuticals for the treatment of osteoarthritis and the supporting literature for each supplement. Supplements discussed will include glucosamine, chondroitin, omega-3 fatty acids, avocado-soybean unsaponifiables, vitamins (vitamin A, vitamin C, and vitamin E), minerals (boron, zinc, copper), and willow bark. None of these common nutraceuticals have substantial evidence of efficacy in prevention or progression of osteoarthritis.