Socio-cultural perspectives, challenges, and approaches to sexual health in the indian subcontinent

Abstract

This chapter describes the sexual health situation in India, noting that attitudes toward sexuality in this country have evolved over time and continue to change, even though conservative views constitute the present norm. It offers an overview of how sexuality in India is regulated by varied socio-cultural practices amongst all strata of the population, along with the stigmas that are attached to it. Issues pertaining to premarital sexual practices, the perception of gender equality, the status of LGBTQ, and sexual dysfunction faced by men and women are articulated with both available scientific evidence and examples from clinical experience. The importance of knowledge regarding sexuality for health care professionals is emphasized to ensure early identification and management of sexual problems, and a 3-step approach to addressing issues of sexual health with any patient during an office visit is provided. Finally, related topics concerning sexual violence, the need for comprehensive sexuality education, and recent national laws and rulings help provide an overview of national issues, challenges, and future directions on the Indian subcontinent.