BLRS: An Automated Land Records Management System Using Blockchain Technology

Abstract

Land registry and management system is a crucial component of every government system since they preserve records of land ownership in the country. Traditional land registration and transfer is a complex and arduous process that requires numerous intermediaries and is prone to fraud and forgery. One solution to this problem is to digitize land records, but even if the records are stored in a database, they can be altered due to its centralized nature and lack of adequate security. Blockchain technology has the potential to close all of these loopholes by increasing trust, security, transparency, and traceability of data shared across a network through the use of cryptographic primitives. This paper proposes a novel blockchain-based land records management system which, unlike existing approaches, considers several crucial factors as follows: (1) involvement of all existing stakeholders in the system, (2) land fragmentation and merging during transfer, (3) classification of lands like industrial, farming, barren, (4) marking lands that are under some court dispute, (5) overall Government monitoring, (6) automated pricing of lands with land search feature, and (7) support of proper payment channels. As a proof of concept, we provide a prototype implementation of the system written in solidity on the Ethereum platform with a user interface using ReactJS. We conduct an experimental evaluation to establish the feasibility and effectiveness of our proposed system using Hyperledger Caliper which demonstrates the system performance in terms of execution gas costs, CPU utilization, average latency, and transaction throughput.