Posterior instability

Abstract

Posterior shoulder instability is a debilitating condition that can cause substantial pain and loss of function. Compared to anterior shoulder instability, posterior instability is relatively rare and less studied. Symptoms may be ill defined, and physical examination may be equivocal, thus making diagnosis a challenge. An initial trial of nonsurgical treatment is warranted in most cases, but surgical intervention is indicated when conservative treatment fails. In the past, poor results have been reported following surgical treatment for posterior instability with open, nonanatomic techniques. However, operative management of this condition has evolved considerably over the past several years. With the advent of advanced arthroscopic instrumentation and techniques, the outcomes of surgical treatment for posterior shoulder instability have significantly improved.