Needle and syringe programs for reducing blood-borne diseases among people who inject drugs in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review protocol

Abstract

Objective:This review will identify, explore, and map the literature on the characteristics and implementation modalities of needle and syringe programs for reducing blood-borne diseases among people who inject drugs in sub-Saharan Africa compared with the recommended standards by the World Health Organization and AIDS Projects Management Group.Introduction:Sub-Saharan Africa bears a disproportionate burden of infectious diseases and HIV/AIDS. Needle and syringe programs have been shown to be effective in preventing transmission of infections among those who inject drugs by providing them with sterile injection equipment. The programs may also serve as avenues for addressing other issues that affect this population.Inclusion criteria:This review will consider published and unpublished studies on needle and syringe programs as a method of preventing blood-borne infections among people who inject drugs in sub-Saharan Africa. The review will consider quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods study designs, as well as systematic reviews and text and opinion papers.Methods:The electronic databases to be searched include MEDLINE, African Journals Online, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and TRoPHI. We will also search sources of unpublished studies and gray literature (conference abstracts, theses, etc). The search will be restricted to studies in English, with no date limit. Data extraction will be done by two independent reviewers, guided by an extraction tool developed by the reviewers. Key information, such as author, reference, and findings relevant to the review questions, will be obtained. The results will be presented as graphs, figures, and tables accompanied by a narrative summary.