Substance Use Disorders in Correctional Populations

Abstract

Substance use is widespread, especially in the correctional environment, where most incarcerated offenders have substance use disorders. Rates of substance use disorders within incarcerated populations are much higher than those in the general population. Moreover, there is a direct link between substance use and criminal behavior for a significant proportion of incarcerated offenders. Given the prevalence of substance use among offenders and the importance of effectively dealing with substance use, correctional institutions often offer substance use programs to offenders with problematic drug or alcohol use. Research has shown the programs offered in institutions are effective in reducing reconviction for offenders who complete all sessions. This chapter reviews concepts related to substance use disorder among offenders. First, it discusses the frequency and prevalence. Then, the chapter introduces theoretical models related to service delivery. Next, it introduces methods of diagnosis and assessment, and the methods of intervention. The chapter also discusses which methods are most effective. It concludes with a discussion of future implications for research and practice, as well as technology and innovation related to the assessment and treatment of substance use disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)