Closed-loop modeling of cardiac pacemaker and heart

Abstract

The development of critical medical systems requires high levels of confidence in increasingly complex software systems. Formal methods have been identified as a means of contributing to assurance in this domain. We present a closed-loop modeling approach between an electrocardiography analysis based heart model and pacemaker. This stem is a step towards a modeling approach for medical systems at early stage of the system development. Implantable devices like cardiac pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators require closed-loop modeling (integrated system and environment modeling) to qualify the certification standards. The industry has long sought such an approach to validating a system model in a virtual biological environment. This approach involves a pragmatic combination of formal specifications of the system and the biological environment to model a closed-loop system that enables verification of the correctness of the system and helps to improve the quality of the system. © 2013 Springer-Verlag.