Utilizing a Conversational Agent to Promote Self-efficacy in Children: A Pilot Study on Low Cognitive Ability Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Abstract

Self-efficacy is important for children trying to learn new things. However, children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), mild intellectual disability (MID), or borderline intellectual function (BIF) have less experience with success and lower self-efficacy compared to other children. This study is based on the hypothesis that the self-efficacy of children is enhanced by independently practicing and completing daily tasks. This study aims to promote self-efficacy in low cognitive ability children with ADHD. We developed a conversational agent that helps children initiate and complete their daily tasks. A pilot study was conducted in which ten children with 1) ADHD and 2) MID or BIF used the conversational agent for eight weeks. The participants exhibited an average compliance rate of 76.1%. Statistical analysis of the survey results revealed improvements in children's self-efficacy and ADHD symptoms. This pilot study discusses new possibilities for conversational agents for low cognitive ability children with ADHD.