Stem Cells in Periodontal Regeneration

Abstract

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells capable of self -renewal and multilineage differentiation. The use of cells as mesenchymal dental stem cells, which has immunosuppressant properties, high proliferation, and capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts, odontoblasts, cementoblasts and other cells, suppose a good perspective in clinical dentistry. Also, these cells need a scaffold that facilitate their integration, differentiation, matrix synthesis and promote multiple specific interactions between cells. To date, different human dental stem cell progenitors have been identified and isolated -bone marrow stromal cells (BMMSC), human pulp tissue (DPSC), exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), periodontal ligament (PDLSC), apical papilla (SCAP), dental follicle (DFSC). Also included in this article are the potential applications of stem cell therapy in periodontics. The tissue engineering triad of cells, signaling molecules, scaffolds plays a significant role in achieving regeneration.