Case-Control Study of Alcohol Usage and Fruit Intake and Stomach Cancer in the North Viet Nam

Abstract

Background: The aim was to examine the association between alcohol usage, fruit intake and stomach cancer treated in hospitals in the Hanoi city during 2018-2019. Methods: A case-control study was performed for 379 newly incidence cases of stomach cancer and matched 1096 hospital controls for sex and age (+/-5). We used the validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to collect data on the intake of alcohol and fruits and other food groups. The average amount of total fruits intake (grams per week) was estimated. The adjusted Odds ratio and 95% confidence interval (OR (95%CI) were estimated. Results: Intake of alcohol significantly increased the risk of stomach cancer, the mean frequency of intake per year of 345.1 times vs. non-drinkers, OR (95%CI): 1.51 (1.05, 2.17), p_trend=0.026. In contrast, a higher total of fruits intake was associated with a significantly decreased risk of stomach cancer in both sexes, men, and women, (Q5 vs Q1), OR (95%CI): 0.47 (0.30, 0.72), p_trend=0.000, OR (95%CI): 0.45 (0.26, 0.77), p_trend =0.003, OR (95%CI): 0.52 (0.24, 1.12), p_trend=0.026, respectively. Conclusions: We observed alcohol usage increased the risk of stomach cancers. In contrast, a total of fruits intake was associated with a decreased risk of stomach cancer.