Isolamento, caracterização e diferenciação de células-tronco mesenquimais do líquido amniótico equino obtido em diferentes idades gestacionais

Abstract

The interest in stem cells derived from fetal annexes of many species has exponentially increased during the last decades, because they are adult stem cell sources with potential of differentiation in several cell lineages; which present little or no immunogenicity and are an alternative with great importance for storage cell banks. Despite the rising interest, studies for the equine species are still rare. The aim of this study was to isolate, characterize and differentiate mesenchymal stem cells derived from equine amniotic fluid obtained from initial, middle and late third of gestation (AF-MSCs), and compare their results. Twenty three samples from equine amniotic fluid were evaluated by morphological, immunocytochemical and immunophenotypical (Flow cytometer) assays and osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic in vitro differentiation. All samples demonstrated plastic adhesion and fibroblastoid morphology. The immunocytochemical assay demonstrated cells from all the studied groups were positive for CD44, PCNA and vimentin and negative for cytokeratin and Oct-4. Flow cytometry demonstrated expression of CD44 and CD90 and no expression of CD34, where CD44 and CD90 markers presented decreasing pattern of expression in relation to the gestational development. All samples collected from all gestational phases were capable to differentiate in osteogenic, chondrogenic and adipogenic lineages. Thus, cells obtained from equine amniotic fluid presented morphological and immunophenotypical characteristics and potential of differentiation typical of MSCs showing that the collection can be performed at any stage of pregnancy. However, more studies should be performed about the expression of pluripotent markers as Oct-4 and the differentiation potential for extra mesodermal lineages prior demonstrated in the literature.