Greater strength drives difference in power between sexes in the conventional deadlift exercise

Abstract

Limited research exists comparing sex differences in muscular power. The primary purpose of this research was to determine if differences exist in power and velocity in the conventional deadlift (CDL). A secondary purpose was to examine the relationship among power, velocity, strength, and fat free mass (FFM). Eighteen strength trained athletes with ě1 year CDL experience (women: n = 9, 29 ˘ 2 years, 162.3 ˘ 1.8 cm, 62 ˘ 2.4 kg, 23.3 ˘ 3.2 % body fat (%BF); men: n = 9, 29 ˘ 3 years, 175.6 ˘ 1.8 cm, 85.5 ˘ 1.4 kg, 14.8 ˘ 2.4 %BF), and ě1.5 one repetition maximum (1-RM) CDL: body mass (BM) ratio (women: 1.6 ˘ 0.1 1-RM CDL: BM; men: 2.3 ˘ 0.1 1-RM CDL: BM), performed baseline (body composition, 1-RM CDL) and experimental sessions, in which velocity and power were measured at 30%, 60%, and 90% 1-RM. Repeated measures ANOVA and bivariate correlations were conducted. Men produced higher absolute average and peak power across all loads, but higher average velocity at only 30% 1-RM. When normalized to FFM, men produced higher peak and average power; however, women produced higher peak and average velocities across all loads. FFM and 1-RM were correlated with power. Greater power observed in men is driven by larger muscle mass, which contributes to greater strength.