Factors associated with the hospitalization of the elderly: a national study

  • Bordin D
  • Cabral L
  • Fadel C
  • et al.
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Abstract

Abstract Objective :to analyze the factors associated with hospitalization among the Brazilian elderly based on multidimensional methodology. Method: a cross-sectional, quantitative study was performed with data from the National Health Survey (2013) population-based study. The sample was composed of 23,815 individuals over the age of 60 years. Hospitalization was considered the outcome variable and 53 independent variables were included, relating to: sociodemographic characteristics; limitations and illness; difficulties in performing basic and instrumental activities of daily living; use of health services and medical emergencies. Results: it was found that 10% of the elderly were hospitalized in the previous year. This event was related to: a negative self-perception of health (OR = 1.35); stopping performing any of their usual activities due to health reasons (OR = 2.14); difficulty going to the doctor (OR = 1.65) or walking alone (OR = 1.55); a recent search for a site, service or health professional for health-related care (OR = 1.47); increased frequency of annual medical visits (OR = 2.93) and household emergency (OR = 5.40). Conclusion: the results reinforce the fact that multiple factors are associated with the hospitalization of the elderly. The analysis of these associations has the potential to make health professionals and administrators aware of the need to improve health care for the elderly and to assist in the organization and planning of the actions of the entire health service network.Resumo Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados à internação hospitalar em idosos brasileiros sob base metodológica multidimensional. Método: estudo transversal, quantitativo, com dados provenientes do inquérito de base populacional - Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2013. A amostra foi composta de respostas provenientes de 23.815 indivíduos acima de 60 anos. Considerou-se a ‘Internação hospitalar’ como variável desfecho e 53 variáveis independentes, relacionadas às: características sociodemográficas; limitações e adoecimento; dificuldades ao realizar atividades básicas e instrumentais de vida diária; utilização de serviços de saúde e urgências médicas. Resultados: verificou-se que 10% dos idosos internaram no último ano, evento relacionado: à autopercepção negativa de saúde (OR=1.35); a deixar de realizar quaisquer de suas atividades habituais por motivo de saúde (OR=2.14); à dificuldade para ir ao médico (OR=1.65) e para andar sozinho (OR=1.55); a procurar recentemente algum lugar, serviço ou profissional de saúde para atendimento relacionado à própria saúde (OR=1.47); à frequência aumentada de consulta médica anual (OR=2.93) e; à emergência domiciliar (OR=5.40). Conclusão: os resultados reforçam o fato de que múltiplos fatores se mostram associados à internação hospitalar de idosos. A análise dessas associações tem o potencial para sensibilizar os profissionais e gestores acerca da melhoria dos cuidados de saúde para com os idosos e auxiliar na organização e no planejamento das ações de toda a rede de serviço de saúde.

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APA

Bordin, D., Cabral, L. P. A., Fadel, C. B., Santos, C. B. dos, & Grden, C. R. B. (2018). Factors associated with the hospitalization of the elderly: a national study. Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia, 21(4), 439–446. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562018021.180059

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