Densidade crítica ao crescimento de plantas considerando água disponível e resistência à penetração de um Argissolo Vermelho distrófico arênico

Abstract

Crop establishment is linked to restrictive conditions imposed by soil type and soil management. This study aimed at evaluating the interval of bulk density critical for a Paleudalf, considering water availability to the crops and restrictive values to the root resistance to penetration (1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0 e 3.5MPa). Soil samples, from a Paleudalf under no-tillage since 1989, with preserved structure were collected in the layers of 0.00 to 0.10m and 0.10 to 0.20m depth. The samples (eight replicates) were saturated in water and balanced different potentials (- 0.001; -0.004; -0.006; -0.033; -0.07 and - 0.1MPa), plus 2 groups of soil samples were dried in the laboratory for a period of 7 and 9 days, being a total of 128 samples used in this study. After reaching the balance, the soil resistance to penetration and bulk density were evaluated. An increase in the resistance to penetration allows for large intervals of bulk density no restrictive to the plant development. For instance, when considered a resistance to penetration of 2MPa, the adequate interval of bulk density was 1.44Mg m-3 to 1.76Mg m-3, and for a resistance to penetration of 3MPa the interval was 1.53 to 1.88Mg m-3. Bulk density smaller or larger than interval obtained are critical to the development of plants, considering soil resistance to penetration and water availability.