Prognostic significance of sarcopenia and severe vitamin D deficiency in patients with cirrhosis

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Abstract

Background and Aim: Sarcopenia and severe vitamin D deficiency are associated with malnutrition and poor prognosis. We investigated the impact of the comorbidity of Child–Pugh (CP) class B/C cirrhosis and the aforementioned complications on the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 104 patients with cirrhosis. The cumulative survival rates were compared between patients with and without both or either of these disease conditions: CP class B/C and complications (sarcopenia or severe vitamin D deficiency). Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Japan Society of Hepatology criteria. Severe vitamin D deficiency was defined as levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D <10 ng/mL in serum. Results: The prevalence of CP class B/C, sarcopenia, and severe vitamin D deficiency was 26.9%, 38.5%, and 24.0%, respectively. Patients with both CP class B/C and sarcopenia had significantly lower survival rates than those without both (hazard ratio [HR] = 6.101; P < 0.001) and with either condition (HR = 6.137; P = 0.001). Similarly, patients with both CP class B/C and severe vitamin D deficiency or with either condition had significantly lower survival rates than those without both conditions (HR = 8.135 or 3.189; P < 0.001 or =0.025, respectively). CP class B/C (HR = 3.354; P = 0.006) and severe vitamin D deficiency (HR = 2.445; P = 0.044) were independent prognostic factors. Conclusions: The coexistence of CP class B/C and sarcopenia or severe vitamin D deficiency worsened the prognosis of patients with cirrhosis. Nutritional assessments such as sarcopenia and vitamin D status should be considered to better evaluate disease conditions and patient prognosis.

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APA

Saeki, C., Kanai, T., Ueda, K., Nakano, M., Oikawa, T., Torisu, Y., … Tsubota, A. (2023). Prognostic significance of sarcopenia and severe vitamin D deficiency in patients with cirrhosis. JGH Open, 7(5), 351–357. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.12900

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