Precise predictions for the angular coefficients in Z-boson production at the LHC

Abstract

The angular distributions of lepton pairs in the Drell-Yan process can provide rich information on the underlying QCD production mechanisms. These dynamics can be parameterised in terms of a set of frame dependent angular coefficients, Ai=0,…,7, which depend on the invariant mass, transverse momentum, and rapidity of the lepton pair. Motivated by recent measurements of these coefficients by ATLAS and CMS, and in particular by the apparent violation of the Lam-Tung relation A0 − A2 = 0, we perform a precision study of the angular coefficients at O(αs3) in perturbative QCD. We make predic-tions relevant for pp collisions at s=8 TeV, and perform comparisons with the available ATLAS and CMS data as well as providing predictions for a prospective measurement at LHCb. To expose the violation of the Lam-Tung relationship we propose a new observable ΔLT = 1 − A2/A0 that is more sensitive to the dynamics in the region where A0 and A2 are both small. We find that the O(αs3) corrections have an important impact on the pT,Z distributions for several of the angular coefficients, and are essential to provide an adequate description of the data. The compatibility of the available ATLAS and CMS data is reassessed by performing a partial χ2 test with respect to the central theoretical prediction which shows that χ2/Ndata is significantly reduced by going from O(αs2) to O(αs3).