Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Bovine Meat, Fresh Fish and Smoked Fish.

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major opportunistic pathogen with several resistance factors that are partially evaluated in local products. This study aimed to evaluate P. aeruginosa multidrug-resistant (PAMDR) contaminating animal products. Materials and Methods: API20NE methods, susceptibility testing, serotyping, and molecular characterizations by using rpoB gene were performed. Results: On a set of 500 samples analyzed, API 20NE identified 205 (91.1%) of the 225 presumptive isolates as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The rpoB gene confirmed that 204 (99.5%) of the 205 strains were Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated from bovine meat (122), fresh fish (49) and smoked fish (33). With a total prevalence of 36.2%, 181 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa out of 204 isolated were multidrug-resistant. The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa multidrug-resistant was 47.8%, 33.1% and 20.0%, respectively, in bovine meat, fresh fish and smoked fish. The percentage of resistance showed by P. aeruginosa strains were 98.4% for aztreonam, 51.4% ticarcillin + clavulanic acid, 50.4% ticarcillin, 31.4% piperacillin, 33.6% ciprofloxacin, 17.0% cefepime, 6.9% ceftazidim 7.2% imipenem, 4.5% colistin and 0.0% fosfomycin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains mainly resistant to ticarcillin, ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, cefepime, imipenem, ceftazidim, ciprofloxacin and piperacillin were serogroups O5, O7 and O11. Conclusion: These animal products play an active role in the spread of antibiotic resistance.